Search results for " Index"
showing 10 items of 4978 documents
Performance of PSI, CURB-65, and SCAP scores in predicting the outcome of patients with community-acquired and healthcare-associated pneumonia
2011
The objective was to compare three score systems, pneumonia severity index (PSI), the Confusion-Urea-Respiratory Rate-Blood pressure-65 (CURB-65), and severe community-acquired pneumonia (SCAP), for prediction of the outcomes in a cohort of patients with community-acquired (CAP) and healthcare-associated pneumonia (HCAP). Large multi-center, prospective, observational study was conducted in 55 hospitals. HCAP patients were included in the high classes of CURB-65, PSI and SCAP scores have a mortality rate higher than that of CAP patients. HCAP patients included in the low class of the three severity rules have a significantly higher incidence of adverse events, including development of septi…
Two-dimensional Banach spaces with polynomial numerical index zero
2009
We study two-dimensional Banach spaces with polynomial numerical indices equal to zero.
Numerical Procedures and their Practical Application in PV Module Analyses. Part IV: Atmospheric Transparency Parameters - Application
2020
Abstract The presented article relates to aspects of PV module testing using natural sunlight in outdoor conditions. It is a continuation of the article Part III: parameters of atmospheric transparency - determining and correlations. This article discusses the practical application of the indexes: atmosphere purity - k Tm , diffused component content - k s/o , beam clear sky index - K b - in testing various modules in outdoor conditions. Their influence on the conversion of modules made from various absorbers and various technologies is demonstrated. Their practical application in module testing in outdoor conditions is described and it - has been demonstrated that the results of the analys…
Optical properties of GaSe, characterization and simulation
2021
Abstract The study focuses on structural and optical characterizations and properties of the GaSe lamellar material in one hand and on a numerical simulation of the photovoltaic properties of the ITO/GaSe heterojunction in a second hand. A few layers of GaSe were exfoliated from bulk GaSe on PET substrate. The optical transmission was recorded at room temperature. It shows that GaSe exhibits both indirect and direct band gaps of about 1.92 and 2.2 eV respectively. A value, as high as 104 cm−1, of the absorption coefficient was obtained. The corresponding refractive index has been determined numerically according to the Sellmeier and Cauchy models. The interesting value of absorption shows o…
Stability of melt flow during magnetic sonication in a floating zone configuration
2018
Combined static and alternating magnetic fields are shown to create an oscillating pressure that can cause cavitation in molten metals. A time-averaged flow is also excited, consisting of two tori squeezed to thin boundary layers. Flow instability develops as a standing wave between these tori.
Determination of refractive index of submicron-thick films using resonance shift in a four-layer slab waveguide
2017
The measurement of refractive index of very thin films at the order of ten to hundred nanometers is cumbersome and usually requires employing sophisticated techniques such as the spectral ellipsometry. In this paper we describe a simple contact method for measuring the refractive index of thin films. Here we have used the prism-coupling technique for characterizing samples prepared as four-layer slab waveguides. The waveguide resonance condition can be calculated by solving simple analytic transcendental equations for the slab waveguide. Then the captured mode position as a function of cladding thickness is used for probing the refractive index of cladding layer. We used indium-tin-oxide la…
Refractive index controlled by film morphology and free carrier density in undoped ZnO through sol-pH variation
2018
Abstract Zinc oxide thin films, prepared by the sol-gel process, were deposited on glass substrate using spin coating technique. The sol-pH effect on the optical parameters was studied for alkaline sol. The surface roughness was investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and varied from 20 to 40 nm. The optical transmission measurements were carried out to evaluate the behavior of the extinction coefficient and the refractive index. An exponential decay of the refractive index ‘n’ as a function of wavelength was observed. The refractive index increases slightly when the pH increases to pH = 9.5 where it reaches its maximum. Beyond this value, it decreases sharply. This behavior has been …
Structural, electronic and energetic effects in heterocyclic fluorene derivatives fused with a fulvene unit
2019
Abstract A set of 36 heterocyclic (B, N and O) fluorene (C) derivatives fused in nine ways with fulvene ring have been analyzed by means of different local aromaticity criteria. Molecular geometry of analyzed compounds were optimized at B3LYP/6-311++G(2d,2p) level of theory. The evaluation of the local aromaticity has been carried out through the use of the geometry-based harmonic oscillator model of aromaticity (HOMA) and the magnetism-based zz‐component of the nucleus independent chemical shifts calculated 1 A above the ring center (NICS1zz) indices as well as one aromaticity index derived from the Quantum Theory Atoms in Molecules (QTAIM), i.e. the para-delocalization index (PDI). Additi…
Down-Scaling Modis Vegetation Products with Landsat GAP Filled Surface Reflectance in Google Earth Engine
2020
High spatial resolution vegetation products are fundamental in different fields, such as improving the understanding of crop seasonality at regional scales. Here, two new vegetation products such as the Leaf Area Index (LAI) and the Fraction of Absorbed Photosynthetically Active Radiation (FAPAR) are downscaled at continental scales. A novel HIghly Scalable Temporal Adaptive Reflectance Fusion Model (HIS-TARFM) is used to generate the gap-free time series of Landsat surface reflectance data by fusing MODIS and Landsat reflectance for the contiguous United States. An artificial neural network is trained to capture the relationship between the gap free Landsat surface reflectance and the MODI…
Global trends in NDVI-derived parameters obtained from GIMMS data
2011
The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) has been proven to be useful to assess vegetation changes around the world, in spite of limitations such as sensitivity to cloud or snow contamination. In order to map vegetation changes at global scale, this study uses NDVI time series provided by the GIMMS (Global Inventory Modeling and Mapping Studies) group, which were fitted annually to a double logistic function. This fitting procedure allowed for retrieval of NDVI-derived parameters which were tested for trends using Mann-Kendall statistics. These trends were validated by comparison at 73 ground control points documented as change hotspots. The obtained trends for NDVI-derived paramet…